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Vitamin D plays a vital role in supporting bone structure and is important for the bodily absorption of both calcium and phosphorus. Vitamin D supports the natural immune system and plays an important role in maintaining strong muscles.

Phenylalanine is one of the 9 essential amino acids (protein building blocks) and is not produced by the body itself. Also, Phenylalanine is commonly found in dairy products, legumes and avocados.
Phenylalanine is necessary for the production of the neurotransmitters dopamine, adrenaline and noradrenaline in the brain.

L-Citrulline dl-Malate is an amino acid that is gradually converted in the body into L-arginine, the amino acid from which enzymes release nitric oxide (NO).

BCAA consist of three essential amino acids: Leucine, Isoleucine and Valine. These occur in certain proteins, which in turn are important for building & protecting muscle mass.

Sodium is the main electrolyte lost with sweat and the only electrolyte to enhance performance during exercise. Other electrolytes (potassium, calcium, magnesium) are also lost in sweat, but in minimal quantities. A healthy diet is needed to keep these electrolyte concentrations at desired levels in the body.
The recommendation is to consume a sports drink with 0.5 – 0.7 g/L sodium for shorter than three hours and 0.7 – 1 g/L sodium for exercise sessions lasting longer than three hours.

Since carbohydrates are the main energy source during exercise, the main ingredient of our during sports supplement should be carbohydrates. 02 During contains a mixture of different carbohydrate sources as this enables athletes to absorb and burn more fuel during exercise. Under normal circumstances, glucose uptake is limited to approximately 60 g per hour. The intake of multiple carbohydrate sources, like fructose, elevates carbohydrate absorption in the intestine up to 90 g. per hour. Furthermore, the use of multiple carbohydrate sources makes GI issues to be a thing of the past.
The ratio maltodextrin:glucose:fructose of 2:1:1.5 has been shown to elevate the rate of appearance of systemic glucose/lactate compared to the isocaloric amount of glucose only.

Sodium is the main electrolyte lost in sweat and the only electrolyte to enhance performance during exercise. Other electrolytes (potassium, calcium, magnesium) are also lost in sweat, but in minimal quantities. A healthy diet is needed to keep these electrolyte concentrations at desired levels in the body.
The recommendation is to consume a sports drink with 0.5 – 0.7 g/L 59 sodium for shorter than three hours and 0.7 – 1 g/L sodium for exercise sessions lasting longer than three hours. In 02 During, we suggest adding a sodium concentration of 0.7 g/L. To one serving of 49 g, 620 mL of water should be added, so one serving should contain 0.35 g of sodium. It is strongly suggested to add sodium in the form of NaCl. One serving, therefore, contains 870 mg of NaCl salt.

Post-activity, the body needs protein in order to recover and rebuild itself. Collagen peptides are a kind of protein in which the amino acids; Glycine, Lysine & Proline occur in high values. 03 After contains 21,37 grams of protein with extra BCAA and L-Leucine. Therefore, the proteins we use in 03 After promote muscle growth and stimulate (fat-free) muscle mass.

Collagen is one of the most important and most common building blocks for your bones, muscles, tendons and connective tissue in our body. The collagen peptides in 03 After are very similar to the body's own collagen. In addition, the added vitamin C contributes to the maintenance of healthy cartilage and strong bones.

Collagen peptides have another unique quality: the protein strands that makeup collagen have already been taken apart and separated into directly absorbable amino acids. This way, they can be directly absorbed by the cell without the intervention of digestion. The resilience and thus the absorbability of the collagen peptides is therefore high.

Vitamins are micronutrients that cannot be produced by your body but are essential to support your health. Vitamins B1, B2, B3, B5 and B12 are not a direct source of energy but are crucial for energy metabolism. The metabolic processes in your body increase during physical exertion, hence the importance. Minerals cannot be produced by the body itself and do not provide energy by themselves, but support your natural energy levels. The minerals your body needs include calcium, magnesium, phosphorus, potassium, sodium and chlorine.

1. Vitamin A 106,7 mcg (13%*),
2. Vitamin D3 0,7 mcg (13%*),
3. Vitamin E 1,6 mg (13%*),
4. Vitamin K 10,0 mcg (13%*),
5. Vitamin C 75 mg (94%*) ,
6. Thiamin (B1) 0,1 mg (13%*),
7. Riboflavin (B2) 0,2 mg (13%*),
8. Niacin (B3) 2,12 mg (13%*),
9. Vitamin B6 0,2 mg (13%*),
10. Folic acid (B11) 26,7 mcg (13%*),
11. Vitamin B12 0,32 mcg (33%*),
12. Biotin 6,7 mcg (13%*),
13. Pantothenic acid (B5) 0,8 mg (13%*),
14. Kalium 267 mg (13%*),
15. Chloride 106,7 mg (13%*),
16. Calcium 112,7 mg (14%*),
17. Phosphorus 92,9 mg (13%*),
18. Magnesium 50,0 mg (13%*)
19. Iron 1,3 mg (13%*),
20. Zinc 1,3 mg (13%*),
21. Copper 0,1 mg (13%*),
22. Manganese 0,3 mg (13%*),
23. Selenium 7,3 mcg (13%*),
24. Chronium 5,3 mcg (13%*)
25. Iodine 20,0 mcg (13%*),
26. Molybdeen 6,7 mcg (13%*)

Carbohydrates, including sugars such as glucose, are an important source of energy for the body. In fact, during intensive strength and endurance sports, stored carbohydrates in the muscles -also called muscle glycogen- are the main source of energy for the muscles. After intensive training, the glycogen stores in the body are largely depleted. Research has shown that a non-optimal amount of glycogen in the muscles decreases performance during training. In order to be able to perform optimally during your next training, it is crucial to replenish the glycogen stores in the muscles in time after a heavy training. The most efficient way to do this is right after exercise, as this is when the body makes the most of dietary carbohydrates to replenish the body’s glycogen stores.

In addition, carbohydrates contribute to the recovery of normal muscle function after an intensive and/or prolonged exercise that leads to muscle fatigue and depletion of the glycogen stores in muscles.*

Research shows that an increased dose of Leucine is important for long-term stimulation of protein synthesis, up to 5 hours after ingestion. That is why the 03 After formula contains, in addition to the optimal dose of 21 grams of protein per serving, extra L-Leucine. It aims to contribute to the long-term stimulation of protein synthesis after training or competition.

Tryptophan is one of the eight essential amino acids. Essential amino acids are amino acids that are not produced by the body itself. They must be taken in through a balanced and specific diet or dietary supplements. The collagen peptides in 03 After contain 7 of these essential amino acids (phenylalanine, isoleucine, leucine, lysine, methionine, threonine and valine) and -thus- lacking in tryptophan. By adding tryptophan in the right quantities, we complete the protein structure and can be used by the body as a raw material for protein synthesis. With 03 After, we go a step further than just compensating for the limited amino acids.
By adding tryptophan, extra BCAA and extra L-Leucine, we not only complete our protein, but we enrich it to the level where absorption is faster and it works better.